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SELECT
    column_id AS "列序号",
    column_name AS "字段名",
    data_type AS "数据类型",
    data_length AS "长度",
    data_precision AS "精度(数字类型)",
    data_scale AS "小数位数",
    nullable AS "是否允许为空",
    data_default AS "默认值"
FROM user_tab_columns
WHERE table_name = 'YOUR_TABLE_NAME'
ORDER BY column_id;